Tuesday, June 1, 2021

What option on VMware vSphere will help you avoid morning boot storm VMs, storage related issues?

(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer!

A. Configure vCenter HR ad DRS
B. Cluster/ESXi Storage DRS
C. Enable Storage I/O Control
D. VMFS cluster file system (CFS)

This is an official ITSA practice question.

[ QUICK TIP ] 0005 Thick Eager Zeroed: The negative impact.

0005 Thick Eager Zeroed: The negative impact of using "Thick Eager Zeroed" disk provisioning for a Virtual Machine VMDK. The negative effect is that it takes too long to provision the VMDK for a VM, because it zero all blocks first and it has an extended period IO hit on the storage system. The whole disk space is taken and not available for use by other virtual machines.

On the other hand, the eager zeroed thick disks will get you the best performance even in all flash arrays for all types of write workloads. Also, a great performance benefit to the VM because it doesn’t have to zero a block before it can be written to.


Friday, May 28, 2021

[ QUICK TIP ] Top 4 techniques used by an ESXi Host (Hypervisor) to reclaim memory.

Top 4 techniques used by an ESXi Host (Hypervisor) to reclaim memory. 

_1_ Transparent Page Sharing (TPS) - When multiple VMs got an identical set of memory content so the hypervisor reclaim the redundant copies and keep only one. This single copy can be shared by multiple virtual machines in the host physical memory, saving memory.  
 
_2_ Ballooning – Requests VMware tools to (inflate a memory balloon) in the VM until excess memory is released back to the ESXi.

_3_ Memory Compression - When an ESXi host’s memory got overcommitted, the ESXi compresses memory pages & stores them in memory.

_4_ Swapping – If the ESXi host cache is full, the Hypervisor will reclaim memory from the Virtual Machine by swapping out pages to a regular swap file. 



[ QUICK TIP ] Top 10 important benefits of installing VMware Tools.

Top 10 important benefits of installing VMware Tools on a Virtual Machine (VM). (1) Improves mouse response and video performance. 
(2) Synchronise time with the ESXi host. 
(3) Enables Guest Introspection for NSX/agentless antivirus. 
(4) Installs the VMXNET3 driver for improved network performance. 
(5) Allows copy and paste between the VM and desktop.    
(6) Virtual Machine (VM) heartbeat.
(7) Shared folders between host and guest file systems.
(8) Provides the ability to take quiesced snapshots.
(9) Allows shutdown or restart options from the toolbar.
(10) Enables the option to take quiesced snapshots of the guest O/S.

The VM guest Operating System O/S "Windows" can run without VMware Tools, but many features will be missing, it is always good that you run the latest version of VMware Tools.



Wednesday, May 26, 2021

[ QUICK TIP ] Explain the difference between vpxd and vpxa.

Explain the difference between vpxd and vpxa. HOSTD- This is the agent of ESX server, where VPXA pass the information to the HOSTD and hostd pass the information to ESXi server. When an ESXi host is added to the vCenter server vpxa agent gets initiated and talk to vpxd service which runs in VCSA. So vpxd talks to vpxa & vpxa to hostd, this is how vpxd (vCenter) talks to hostd via vpxa. I will explain the difference, If you didn't get it.

 ___vpxd is a service that runs on vCenter Server. It’s the main vCenter service, without it, vCenter server does not function.

___vpxa is a service that runs on ESXi hosts which are connected to vCenter Server. vpxa is the link between vpxd and hostd (which processes ESXi related tasks). 


[ QUICK TIP ] Type 1 and Type 2 EXPLAIN!

What is the difference between a Type 1 and Type 2 VMware hypervisors. Type 1 and Type 2 EXPLAIN! 

Type 1 hypervisors are those which run directly on hardware Ex: "Servers, Desktops or Laptops for labs" this is the most powerful O/S VMware’s vSphere ESXi hypervisors. 

Type 2 hypervisors run on software, or more specifically are typically installed as an application on top of Ex: Windows O/S. This would include VMware Workstation and Fusion.

[ QUICK TIP ] One of your ESXi Hosts (Hypervisor) just failed so what will happen to the VMs.

One of your ESXi Hosts (Hypervisor) just failed so what will happen to the Virtual Machines running on it? Okay, the VMs will definitely power off and if vSphere High Availability (HA) was correctly configured in the cluster nothing should happen to the VMs. The VMs will try to restart on another host, but there are things that will stop a Virtual Machine from being restarted on another Hypervisor like “restart policy”. 

If HA is enabled but the Virtual Machine restart policy is disabled then the VM will not be restarted on another host ignoring the HA master election process. Also, an incorrect Admission Control settings & resource availability on the host will stop the VMs to restart on another ESXi. Hey guys, the key thing to remember is that HA will not trigger a vMotion.

Tuesday, May 25, 2021

Internal storage solution on all the ESXi hosts that will allow them to group HDD or SSD.

A company contacted ITSA.Cloud for a storage implementation. They're urgent for an internal storage solution on all the ESXi hosts that will allow them to group HDD or SSD (physical) disks into a logical unit to be used across Datastores. They also mentioned that HCS (Hyper-Converged Software) with "All Flash Configuration was a must. What could ITSA.CLOUD engineers implement?

(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer!
A. Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform (VSP)
B. Common Internet File System (CIFS)
C. Network File System (NFS)
D. IBM's SAN Volume Controller (SVC)
E. VMware vSAN software-defined
This is an official ITSA practice question.

Friday, May 21, 2021

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] Easy deployment, simple point for configuration, no Windows O/S or database server license.

A small- to mid-size enterprise (SME) business contacted ITSA.Cloud for consulting because they're looking for a management tool that will allow them an easy deployment, simple point for configuration, no Windows O/S or database server license & full control to the virtualized IT environment. What vSphere component ITSA.CLOUD engineers would recommend?

(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer!

A. vSphere Update Manager (VUM)
B. vSphere HA with Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)
C. Just the vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA)
D. At least 4 ESXi Hosts in a cluster & one datacenter
E. Two vCenter Server for Windows with Failover Clustering

This is an official ITSA practice question.

Thursday, May 20, 2021

Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question. Running virtual machine (VM) from one storage device to another.

A company contacted ITSA.Cloud for consulting because they're looking for a product that will let them move a running virtual machine (VM) from one storage device to another with no downtime to the VM, disruption to end users, or any loss of data. What product ITSA.CLOUD engineers would recommend?

(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer!

A. Software-Defined Storage (SDS)
B. VMware Storage DRS
C. VMware App volume Ver. 4 only
D. VMware vCenter with HR ad DRS
E. Load balanced Fiber Channel (FC)

This is an official ITSA practice question.

Wednesday, May 19, 2021

[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] The Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) solutions.

Having sold & implemented VMware HORIZON the Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) solutions for customers for many years, there are definitely benefits in deploying VDI in a small- to mid-size enterprise (SME) businesss. Huge benefits. The cost benefit just usually isn't there. Build a VDI Environment for Your Organization and Architect Your Workplace of the Future.  



[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] Moving from physical to a virtual environment.

An organization contacted ITSA.Cloud for consulting because they're moving from physical to a virtual environment. Their manager asked for a solution that would let them create clusters and migrate virtual server from one virtual datacenter to another without interruption. What solution ITSA.CLOUD engineers would recommend?

(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer!

A. vCloud Suite Advanced
B. VMware Hybrid Cloud
C. VMware vSphere
D. Server virtualization

This is an official ITSA practice question.

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] Virtualization =

Cost and space savings, Hardware reducing, Energy saving, High availability, Disaster recovery, Better return on investment, Better scalability, Faster redeployment, Easier backups, No vendor lock-in, Easier migration to cloud, Less heat buildup, Increased Security, Business Continuity, Testing environment, Increase uptime, Isolate applications, Faster server provisioning and more. It’s clear to see the benefits of virtualization in general, are numerous.



Tuesday, May 18, 2021

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] (VM) in the cluster must be connected with direct access to the LUNs

An ITSA.Cloud client requires that all the Virtual Machine (VM) in the cluster must be connected with direct access to the LUNs on the physical storage. What could the ITSA admin use to accomplish this?

A. The VMFS
B. MS iSCSI initiator
C. SMB/CIFS
D. NFS
E. RDM mapping
(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer! This is an official ITSA practice question.

Friday, May 14, 2021

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] This is an official ITSA practice question.

 ITSA.Cloud deployed a vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA) for a client and during the installation they selected the "Medium" deployment size option. What would be the client's vSphere deployment requirements? 

(Choose one)
A. 4 vCPUs, 19GB RAM, 480GB Storage, 100 ESXi and 1000 VMs
B. 2 vCPUs, 12GB RAM, 415GB Storage, 10 ESXi and 100 VMs
C. 24 vCPUs, 56GB RAM, 1805GB Storage, 2000 ESXi and 3500 VMs
D. 8 vCPUs, 28GB RAM, 700GB Storage, 400 ESXi and 4000 VMs
Comment Your Suggested Answer!

Thursday, May 13, 2021

VMware vSphere Standard Switch (vSS) - TIP!

What is VMware vSphere Standard Switch (vSS)? - TIP!
🌏 Visit Website - https://www.ITSA.Cloud
▶ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! - https://www.youtube.com/c/RaulMrTechieTips
✅ ITSA Education - https://www.youtube.com/user/ITSystemsAdmin/videos





[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] Which Affinity Rule would ITSA.Cloud Admins create.

An organization contacted ITSA.Cloud for consulting because they were concerned about some virtual machine (VM) running tier 3 apps “talking” heavily with each other from different ESXi in the same cluster. Their manager asked ITSA.Cloud how to keep the VMs together on the same host to avoid network traffic during fail-over actions. Which Affinity Rule would ITSA.Cloud Admins create on the cluster to kept the VMs together? This is an official ITSA practice question.

(Choose one)
A. VM-Host affinity rules
B. vSphere HA advanced rules
C. VM anti-affinity rules
D. VM Affinity rules
E. Only A and C are correct
Comment Your Suggested Answer!

SOON! We're hosting a YouTube LIVE on Virtualization & Cloud Computing.

If you're new to virtualization, interested in improving your chances to Get Hired - Be Promoted, earn certifications and who may either be in school currently, searching for a new job or simply trying to gain more knowledge. We're hosting a YouTube LIVE on Virtualization & Cloud Computing.


LET'S CONNECT.
🌏 Visit Website - https://www.ITSA.Cloud
▶ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! - https://www.youtube.com/c/RaulMrTechieTips
✅ ITSA Education - https://www.youtube.com/user/ITSystemsAdmin/videos

Wednesday, May 12, 2021

Raul & Mr. TechieTips!

We're thankful to all who have supported us on social media by truly reading our posts and visiting our website. Keep reading, keep liking, keep commenting, and help us to improve. Also, Heartiest thanks to all our connections - followers; we’re highly appreciative of your comments. Thank you all for the ideas, opinion, help, and sharing our posts with others. Keep participating!

LET'S CONNECT.
🌏 Visit Website - https://www.ITSA.Cloud
▶ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! - https://www.youtube.com/c/RaulMrTechieTips
✅ ITSA Education - https://www.youtube.com/user/ITSystemsAdmin/videos

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] ITSA created 3 VMs with 3 vCPU and 6GB memory each for multiple users to log on.

ITSA.Cloud is giving away a free trial of virtual desktop to see how it performs. If ITSA created 3 VMs with 3 vCPU and 6GB memory each for multiple users to log on but 5GB of memory RAM was reserved for each VM. What .vswp file size the ESXi created on a datastore for each virtual machine when they powered on. This is an official ITSA practice question.

(Choose one)
A. created 3GB .vswp file size for each VM
B. created 5GB .vswp file size for each VM
C. created 1GB .vswp file size for each VM
D. created 6GB .vswp file size for each VM
Comment Your Suggested Answer!

Tuesday, May 11, 2021

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] Hosts 3 and 5 got plenty of vCPUs and RAM available.

In the ITSA.Cloud vSphere environment with dedicated failover hosts admission control enabled on the management cluster. There are 6 ESXi hosts with 40 core VMs but after host #2 failed! VMs 1, 2, 3 were unable to restart on hosts 1, 4, and 6 due to insufficient resources. Hosts 3 and 5 got plenty of vCPUs and RAM available, what would happen next?

A. vSphere HA will restart the 3 VMs after host #2 reboots.
B. DRS will give more resources to host 1, 4 and 6 to restart the 3 VMs.
C. VMware EVC Mode will migrate the VMs between ESXi with the same resources.
D. vSphere HA will attempt to restart VMs 1, 2, 3 on the 3 and 5 failover hosts.
E. DRS will use failover on hosts 1, 4 & 6 for load balancing and restart the 3 VMs.
(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer! This is an official ITSA practice question.



Monday, May 10, 2021

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] Their manager asked ITSA.Cloud how to keep the VMs together.

An organization contacted ITSA.Cloud for consulting because they were concerned about some virtual machine (VM) running tier 3 apps “talking” heavily with each other from different ESXi in the same cluster.

Their manager asked ITSA.Cloud how to keep the VMs together on the same host to avoid network traffic during fail-over actions. Which Affinity Rule would ITSA.Cloud Admins create on the cluster to keep the VMs together?

A. VM-Host affinity rules
B. vSphere HA advanced rules
C. VM anti-affinity rules
D. VM Affinity rules
E. Only A and C are correct
(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer! This is an official ITSA practice question.

Friday, May 7, 2021

1 MINUTE TIP: VMware Virtual Machine (VM) - with Raul & Mr. TechieTips!


 

[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] Small-Medium Sized Companies vSphere Data Center.

This is a high level architecture design for a new or redesigned Small-Medium Sized Companies vSphere Data Center, that details a cluster of 4 ESXi hosts, connected to a vCenter Server that has 150+ VM’s balanced across the hosts. There are 2 network switches vSS-1 & vDS-2 and ESXi servers are connected to for VM & management traffic via VLAN’s. The hosts are connected to four 500 GB shared storage LUN’s that are presented via fiber channel.

 

Thursday, May 6, 2021

Visit Raul & Mr. TechieTips! YouTube Channel.

Visit Raul & Mr. TechieTips! YouTube Channel. LINK: https://www.youtube.com/c/RaulMrTechieTips For a quick-and-easy reference, here are the top VMware Cloud and Virtualization 1 Minute tips. New Tips coming soon!!!

We're thankful to all who have supported us on social media by truly reading our posts and visiting our website. ITSA is SOOO close to 4 million YouTube views with 17.3K subscribers! Link: https://www.youtube.com/user/ITSystemsAdmin/about - much obliged to you. 

Keep reading, keep liking, keep commenting, and help us to improve. Also, Heartiest thanks to all our LINKEDIN connections - followers; we’re highly appreciative of your comments. Thank you all for the ideas, opinion, help, and sharing our posts with others. Keep participating! 

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] If you must have a highly-secured environment, how do you.

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] Your company is concerned about virtual machines encryption. Your boss wants all VM files that contain sensitive information to be encrypted to secures confidentiality and integrity of the data that is transferred. If you must have a highly-secured environment, how do you ensure that unencrypted VMs can be migrated securely? (Choose one)

A. Use SSL/TLS
B. Implement KMIP
C. Secure Boot with UEFI
D. Set encrypted vSphere vMotion
E. All VMs are encrypted by default
Comment Your Suggested Answer!

Wednesday, May 5, 2021

[ Raul & Mr. TechieTips! Challenge Question ] Your company is moving from physical to virtual desktops.

Your company is moving from physical to virtual desktops but your boss's budget is tight to buy new servers. He is concerned and asked you what version of vSphere will handle instant clones to create VDI pools. What Ver would you tell your boss?

A. vSphere 5.5 & 6.0 are supported
B. vSphere 5.0 Update 3b & 6.0 are supported
C. vSphere 6.0 Update 1 & 7.0 are supported
D. vSphere 5.5 & 6.0 Update 2 are supported
E. Only options A and D are correct

Comment Your Suggested Answer! 

1 MINUTE TIP: VMware vSphere ESXi (Hypervisor) - With Raul & Mr. TechieTips!


LET'S CONNECT  
🌏 Visit Website @ https://www.ITSA.Cloud
💬 See All Posts @ https://www.itsa.cloud/blogger.html
💢 LinkedIN Page @ https://linkedin.com/company/itsystemsadmin
✅ ITSA Education @ https://www.ITSA.Cloud/Edu1.html
▶ YouTube channel @ https://www.youtube.com/user/ITSystemsAdmin/videos



Tuesday, May 4, 2021

[ Mr. TechieTips Challenge Question ] If the IT department needs larger amounts of CPU and memory, what can you create to delegate control.

Let's Pretend, an ESXi has 20 VMs. The HR dept uses 10 of the virtual machines and the IT department uses 10 virtual machines. If the IT department needs larger amounts of CPU and memory, what can you create to delegate control over resources of a host (or a cluster)?

A. Enable vMotion only for a set of VMs
B. Configure DRS only for 10 VMs in IT
C. Disable HA only for 10 VMs in HR
D. Create resource pools & set CPU/RAM
E. Add more ESXis to the cluster.

(Choose One) - Comment Your Suggested Answer!

[ Mr. TechieTips Challenge Question ] after rebooting it a few times, you noted that the clock on the guest O/S falls behind.

[ Mr. TechieTips Challenge Question ] You just created a new VM on a ESXi host and after rebooting it a few times, you noted that the clock on the guest O/S falls behind the clock on the Hypervisor even if you vMotion the VM to another ESXi. What is missing or should be installed on a VM for time synchronization?

A. VM-to-host time Sync
B. VM guest agent
C. BIOS time Sync
D. The VMware Tools
E. ESXi host agent

(Choose One) - Comment Your Suggested Answer!

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Prioritize the disk access level of those 3 noisy VMs to use resources.

If 3 virtual machines running on the same VMFS datastore and the same logical unit number (LUN) on an ESXi host are negatively affecting the I/O bandwidth of the most important VMs. How do you prioritize the disk access level of those 3 noisy VMs to use resources?

A. Use SSD Disk Type
B. Use SSD Disk Mode
C. Set Disk Shares
D. Options A, B
E. Recreate the LUN

(Choose One) - Comment Your Suggested Answer!

1 MINUTE TIP: VMware vSphere - With Raul & Mr. TechieTips.

LET'S CONNECT.
🌏 Visit Website @ https://www.ITSA.Cloud
💬 See All Posts @ https://www.itsa.cloud/blogger.html
💢 LinkedIN Page @ https://linkedin.com/company/itsystemsadmin
✅ ITSA Education @ https://www.ITSA.Cloud/Edu1.html  
▶ YouTube channel @ https://www.youtube.com/user/ITSystemsAdmin/videos

Monday, May 3, 2021

[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] (VM) storage activity are negatively affecting 2 ESXi Hosts.

If 3 Virtual Machine (VM) storage activity are negatively affecting 2 ESXi Hosts accessing the same Storage, what would you do to control the storage activity of those VMs? Just enable Storage IO Control (SIOC). SIOC is supported on Fibre Channel, NFS, and iSCSI  connected storage in ESXi. Raw device mappings (RDM) are not supported. When you enable Storage I/O Control, ESXi monitors datastore latency and throttles the I/O load if the datastore average latency exceeds the threshold.

Storage IO Control (SIOC) only come into use when there is contention to ensure that every VM gets its fair share. A Storage Policy is applied to a VM or VMDK. By default, all virtual machines have the same number of shares and IOPS limit. By default, IOPS are unlimited. If these defaults are not changed, then I/O control does not arrange virtual machines. Before enabling SIOC, ensure that datastores are managed by a single vCenter Server.



Sunday, May 2, 2021

1 MINUTE TIP: VMware High Availability (HA) with Raul & Mr. Techie.
LET'S FOLLOW - CONNECT.
🌏 Visit Website @ https://www.ITSA.Cloud
💬 See All Posts @ https://www.itsa.cloud/blogger.html
💢 LinkedIN Page @ https://linkedin.com/company/itsystemsadmin
✅ ITSA Education @ https://www.ITSA.Cloud/Edu1.html  
▶ YouTube channel @ https://www.youtube.com/user/ITSystemsAdmin/videos


 

Friday, April 30, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] Thin Disk. vs Thick Lazy Zeroed Disk. vs Thick Eager Zeroed Disk.

(1) Thin Disk. Uses the space as needed for the initial function. It can be greater than the real space, an over-subscription is possible. The total space for the VM disks on the datastore can be greater than the actual size.

(2) Thick Lazy Zeroed Disk. All the space given, is taken when the VM is created. The blocks containing older data on the storage are cleared when the VM writes new data to the disk for the first time. 

(3) Thick Eager Zeroed Disk. Takes much longer to create a disk than other types of disks and increasing the size takes too much time. All disk space is taken at the time of creation, and all storage blocks that was there are wiped out .       

Conclusion: Eager zeroed thick-provisioned got the best for performance and security. Lazy zeroed thick-provision are much better for short creation times, but faster than eager zeroed & less secure. Thin-provisioned disks are the best choice to save datastore space. 

Thursday, April 29, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] VMware’s Fault Tolerance (FT) and High Availability (HA) protect virtual machine (VM).

VMware FT vs VMware HA. Fault Tolerance guarantee zero downtime but HA still comes with some downtime. HA load balancer or hypervisor, to detect a problem and restart the VMs can add up to minutes or even hours. FT keeps VM copies on a separate host machine. With only HA configured, the hypervisor attempts to restart the VM on the same host cluster. With FT, the VM workload is moved to a separate host.   

VMware’s Fault Tolerance (FT) and High Availability (HA) protect virtual machine (VM) operation in the event of an ESX/ESXi host failure. Fault-tolerant instantly move to a new host but high-availability HA cannot prevent VM failure it will see the VMs fail with the host before restarting on another host. Fault tolerance mean you don't lose the in-memory application state in the event of a failure such as a host crash. Fault Tolerance is much harder than high availability in a virtual environment.

Wednesday, April 28, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] VMware Horizon Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI).

An Introduction to VMware Horizon Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI). What is VMware Horizon VDI? 1_ VMware Horizon Suite is all about end-user computing, or EUC. 2_ VDI allows IT administrators to host and administer end-user desktops in a virtual machine running on a server in a data center. End users can access their virtual desktop — running in the data center — using VMware Horizon clients such as zero client hardware devices and Mac, Android, and iPad clients.

VMware Horizon (formerly called Horizon View) is a commercial desktop and app virtualization product developed by VMware, Inc for Microsoft Windows, Linux and macOS Operating Systems. Horizon supports hybrid and multi-cloud architectures that allow organizations to scale flexibly across public and private clouds such as VMware Cloud on AWS and Microsoft Azure – now also with support for Google Cloud and VMware Cloud on Dell EMC.

Tuesday, April 27, 2021

[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] VMware vSphere Virtual Standard Switch (vSS).

An Introduction to VMware vSphere Virtual Standard Switch (vSS). What is vSS? When you install ESXi, the default management port group is attached to the first vSphere Standard Switch that is created by the installation – vSwitch0. vSS can be connected to physical switches by using physical Ethernet adapters called Uplinks, and their important function is to connect the virtual network into a physical network as they are connected to a physical switch.

vSS provide network connectivity:
- Between VMS within the same ESXi host.
- Between VMS on different ESXi hosts.
- Between virtual and physical machines on the network.
- For VMkernel access to networks for vMotion, iSCSI, NFS, FT & ESXi management.

vSphere Standard Switch Properties:
- You can change the Size of the MTU on a vSS
- You can change the Speed of a Physical Adapter
- You can Add and Team Physical Adapters in a vSS
- You can View the Topology Diagram of a vSS



[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Monitor a vCenter Server Appliance (vCSA) Resource Use of Services.

With what tool do you monitor a vCenter Server Appliance (vCSA) Resource Use of Services?

A. vmstat
B. esxcli
C. esxtop
D. vimtop
E. NONE
F. B & C

Comment Your Suggested Answer!


[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] "CPU, MEMORY, HDD" an Introduction to Virtualization.

An Introduction to Virtualization. What is virtualization? Virtualization uses software that simulates hardware functionality "CPU, MEMORY, HDD" to create a Virtual Machine (VM). OS virtualization is the use of software "ESXi" to allow a piece of hardware "Physical Server" to run multiple operating system images at the same time. A hypervisor and the hardware let you split one physical system into separate VMs. The virtualization Layer is an additional abstraction layer between network and storage hardware, computing, and the application running on it.

Hypervisors have been split into two classes:
- Type I
Bare-metal hypervisors "ESXi" that run guest virtual machines directly on a system’s hardware.

- Type II
Hosted hypervisors "WorkStation" that abstract guest operating systems from the host operating system.

TYPES OF VIRTUALIZATION
- Desktop Virtualization
- Application Virtualization
- Server Virtualization
- Network Virtualization
- Storage Virtualization


Monday, April 26, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Other TCP/IP stack support management traffic.

Custom TCP/IP stacks can be used to handle the network traffic of other applications and services, which may require separate DNS and default gateway configurations. Which other TCP/IP stack support management traffic, IP storage, vSphere vMotion and vSphere Fault Tolerance? (Choose 1)

A. Provisioning TCP/IP stack
B. VXLAN TCP/IP stack
C. Default TCP/IP stack
D. vSphere vMotion TCP/IP stack
Comment Your Suggested Answer!



Sunday, April 25, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] VMware vCenter inventory objects.


VMware vCenter monitors and manages the following inventory objects:
(1) Data Centers.
- Virtual machines (and templates)
- Hosts (and clusters)
- Networks
- Datastores

(2) Clusters. Collect ESXi hosts and their VMs to work together as a unit.

(3) Datastores. Is the storage location for virtual machine files.
- Local SCSI disk of the ESXi host
- Network Attached Storage (NAS) arrays
- vSAN datastores

(4) Folders. Group objects of the same type so you can easily manage them.

(5) Hosts. Is the physical computer hardware to install vSphere ESXi.

(6) Networks.
- Virtual network interface cards (virtual NICs)
- vSphere Standard Switches (vSS)
- vSphere Distributed Switches (vDS)

(7) Resource pools. Separate the CPU and memory resources of a host or cluster.

(8) Templates. Is a copy of a virtual machine with O/S & apps that can be used to create new VMs.

(9) Virtual machines. VMs allow you to run an O/S and apps that behaves like a full computer.

(10) vApps. vSphere vApp can have multiple virtual machines.



Friday, April 16, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Requirement to enable vCenter High Availability (HA).

How many host do you need to enable vCenter High Availability (HA)?

A. 4
B. 6
C. 3
D. 12

Comment Your Suggested Answer!



▶ ITSA EDUCATION - DEVELOPING THE FUTURE.

VMware vSphere - P1: ESXi Host (Hypervisor) - Concept & Quick Tour
HD Full Screen (1920 x 1080) Video Toturial with Closed Caption (CC) Available.
▶ ITSA Education @ https://www.ITSA.Cloud/Edu1.html
▶ https://www.youtube.com/user/ITSystemsAdmin/videos 

VMware ESXi is an enterprise-class, type-1 hypervisor developed by VMware for deploying and serving virtual computers. As a type-1 hypervisor, ESXi is not a software application that is installed on an operating system; instead, it includes and integrates vital OS components, such as a kernel.
 


Thursday, April 15, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] VLAN ID to which component in ESXi .

ESXi provides VLAN support by assigning a VLAN ID to which component? (Choose the best answer.)

A. Virtual standard switch
B. Physical network interface card (NIC)
C. Virtual distributed switch
D. Port group

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] VMware virtual disk option minimum storage capacity.

Which virtual disk option allows a virtual machine to consume the minimum storage capacity? (Choose the best answer.)

A. Independent persistent
B. Lazy-zeroed thick-provisioned
C. Eager-zeroed thick-provisioned
D. Thin-provisioned

Wednesday, April 14, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Content library named ‘VDI’ is published at corporate headquarters "New York City".

ITSA has part of the vSphere environment with the following characteristics: A content library named ‘VDI’ is published at corporate headquarters "New York City" on a vCenter Server named ‘ITSA-VC1’. A regional data center contains a set of hosts managed by a vCenter Server named ITSA-VC7. ITSA-VC7 subscribes to the ‘VDI’ content library. You want to create a new virtual machine image to use on ITSA-VC7. What are two possible ways you can accomplish this task? (Choose two.)

A. Configure ITSA-VC7 to download all library content immediately.
B. Upload the new image to the ‘VDI’ library on ITSA-VC7.
C. Publish the ‘VDI’ content library on ITSA-VC7.
D. Upload the new image to the ‘VDI’ library on ‘ITSA-VC1’.
E. Upload the new image to a local content library on ITSA-VC7.

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] VMware vSphere virtual switches "vSS" & "vDS".

Both types of VMware vSphere virtual switches "vSS" & "vDS" let you control vSphere virtual machine (VM) traffic. (1) vSS: When you install ESXi, the default management port group is attached to the first vSphere Standard Switch that is created by the installation – vSwitch0. It'S used to provide network connectivity to hosts and virtual machines. No matter how many hosts you have running in your cluster, you will need to configure the same vSS for each host. For two or three ESXi hosts is ok but if you have hundreds of ESXi hosts to configure between multiple clusters, it can become very tedious.

(2) vDS: Is part of the vCenter Server, You will not be able to use the vSphere Distributed Switch if you are running standalone hosts. vDS is a single virtual switch across all ESXi hosts and allows virtual machines to keep consistent network configuration as they migrate across multiple hosts. vDS is only available as part of vSphere Enterprise plus licensing and it’s not created by default.

Tuesday, April 13, 2021

[ INTERVIEW QUESTION ] Name what components or features of VMware are you familiar with.

Impressive Answer! Quest: Can you name what components or features of VMware are you familiar with. Please, explain one of them. Ans:

Hypervisor
Fault Tolerance
Virtual Networking
vCenter Server
Virtual Storage (datastore)
New elements in vSphere 7
Content Libraries
vSAN
vApp
Miscellaneous

It is important to make a good impression on whoever is interviewing you. You can also explain... A virtualization layer that enables multiple operating systems to share a single Hardware "host" is called Hypervisor. The host allocates physical resources like memory, storage, CPU, etc. to the Virtual Machine or operating system "Windows".

There are two types of hypervisors:
(1) Hosted Hypervisor, it works as a "VMware Workstation" application installed in Windows O/S. (2) Bare-metal, it includes virtualization software "vSphere ESXi" is directly installed into the hardware and controls all physical resources.

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Two single sign-on (SSO)-related options presented.

When deploying a vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA), which two single sign-on (SSO)-related options are presented to you? (Choose two.)

A. Create a vCenter Enhanced Linked Mode group
B. Create a vCenter Single Sign-On domain
C. Join an existing vCenter Single Sign-On domain
D. Repoint to another domain
E. Reset Single Sign-On password

Monday, April 12, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] VMware vSphere, vCenter and ESXi. (Explained)

(1) VMware vSphere is a product suite. It isn’t a single product, or a single entity. vSphere consists of two main components: ESXi and vCenter, when you talk about vSphere, you are talking about the combination of these two products. (2) VMware vSphere ESXi is the software that runs on your physical server to allow virtual machines to run on it. This software is a special type of software called a hypervisor. (3) VMware vCenter is the management component of VMware vSphere, it's the brains of your vSphere environment. It brings features like DRS, HA, and more to vSphere.

For large enterprises, there are:
vSphere Standard
vSphere Enterprise Plus
vSphere Platinum

For smaller environments:
VMware vSphere Essentials and Essentials Plus

To deploy vSphere in more distributed:
VMware vSphere Remote Branch Office Editions.


Saturday, April 10, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] Things to Check When Troubleshooting DRS.

The Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) ESXi cluster became unbalanced. Things to Check When Troubleshooting DRS. * A Cluster is Red Because of an Inconsistent Resource Pool. * DRS doesn’t move any virtual machines from a host. * A Virtual Machine Power On Fails. * Load Imbalances on a Cluster. I’ve listed a few reasons of an unbalanced cluster.
- VM/VM or VM/Host DRS rules prevent virtual machines to move.
- DRS is disabled for the machine.
- CD/iso files mounted that are local to a host.
- vMotion is not enabled or setup.
The Main DRS clustering features are Load Balancing, Distributed Power Management, and Affinity Rules. Three automation levels are available:
Manual — vCenter will only recommend moving resources.
Partially Automated — vCenter will automatically place the VM on the best host.
Fully Automated — vCenter is in control of initial placement and VM migrations.

Thursday, April 8, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] Virtual Machines CPU performance issues running in the ESXi Hosts.

You're experiencing some of the following performance issues in the Virtual Machine (VM).

- The guest operating system boots slowly
- Applications running in VMs perform poorly
- Applications running in VMs take a long time to launch
- Applications running in VMs frequently become unresponsive
- Multi-user services can handle less simultaneous users than expected

These might be caused by virtual machines CPU performance issues running in the ESXi Hosts. To test the performance of an ESXi host in the form of memory, CPU, and network utilization, ESXTOP tool is used. It is a very good tool available for VMware administrators to troubleshoot the performance issues. For configuring ESXTOP, you’ll need vSphere Client and putty and SSH session should be enabled.

For CPU performance testing, %RDY, %MLMTD, and %CSTP counters are used.

Check the virtual machine's virtual hardware settings and make sure that you have provided enough resources to the virtual machine, including memory and CPU resources.

Wednesday, April 7, 2021

[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] Does Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI) Make Sense for Small Businesses.

Any industry that wants to provide a digital workspace for their employees across multiple locations can benefit from VDI. But which VDI is right for you depends on the exact type of work your employees will be doing. Increasing the productivity of employees and allowing secure access for both in-house and remote workers can allow for great collaborations and teamwork with your staff. So Why (VDI) Make Sense?

✔ 80% of Fortune 500 businesses already include VDI
✔ Admin and operating costs were reduced by 70%
✔ Energy bills were reduced by 97%
✔ Productivity was increased by about 98%
✔ 70% of professionals worked via smart mobile devices
✔ The U.S alone has a 62% VDI adoption rate 

Employees are empowered to work from wherever they are. Now, they can work from home, on the train, at the doctor’s office, or wherever life may take them. Being out of the office is no longer a barrier to teams collaborating and moving projects forward. So Who Can Use VDI?

VDI for Law Firms
VDI for CPA Firms
VDI for Service Industry
VDI for Real Estate
VDI for Government
VDI for Startups
VDI for Small Business
VDI for Manufacturers
VDI for Remote Teams
VDI for Personal Use

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] A VM unexpectedly powered off. Which VM logs files should be considered to troubleshoot.

If a VM is unexpectedly powered off. Which VM logs files should be considered to troubleshoot the issue? By default, ESXi hosts store virtual machine-specific logging in the same directory as the virtual machine's configuration files. The default log file name is vmware.log. The vmware.log file is located in virtual machine folder along with the vmx file. SSH a session to your host for example: To identify the location of vmware.log files of all VMs:

find /vmfs -name "vmware.log*"

If a VM unexpectedly powered off, you should check vmware.log and hostd.log files to troubleshoot the issue. Also, when the vmware.log file is next archived, the existing vmware-1.log file is renamed vmware-2.log & so on. Virtual machine logs can be reconfigured to archive at different intervals, with different names, in different volumes, or when the log reaches a specific size. Optional: Skyline Health Diagnostics (SHD) is a tool that analyses log files to detect known issues and recommend solutions/KBs.



[ INTERVIEW QUESTION ] Before upgrading virtual machine (VM) hardware.

Impressive Answer! What you should do before upgrading virtual machine (VM) hardware? Ans: Before upgrading a VM hardware, I should create a backup or snapshot of the VM, upgrade VMware Tools to the latest version, and verify that the VM is stored in a VMFS or NFS datastore. Upgrading a Virtual Machine to the latest hardware version is the same physical of swapping the drive out of one system and putting it into a new one.

It is important to make a good impression on whoever is interviewing you. You can also explain... If a virtual machine is created on a specific virtual hardware version and is then migrated to a another that does not support this level of virtual hardware, it does not power on. If the VM power on with a virtual hardware version that is lower than what it supports, the menu items will be grayed out and unavailable.

Tuesday, April 6, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Deploying the Virtual Machine File System (VMFS)

Which two storage technologies can you use to deploy the Virtual Machine File System (VMFS)? (Choose two.)

A. Fibre Channel storage
B. vSAN storage
C. Virtual Volumes storage
D. NFS storage
E. iSCSI storage


New to virtualization, interested in improving your chances to Get Hired - Be Promoted, earn certifications.

With us, you get the perfect blend of both concepts and real-world experience. ITSA provides training for those who are new to virtualization, interested in improving their chances to Get Hired - Be Promoted, earn certifications and who may either be in school currently, searching for a new job or simply trying to gain more knowledge.

LET'S FOLLOW - CONNECT.
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Sunday, April 4, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) - 2 clusters & two domain controller VMs.

You run a two-node vSphere cluster, which contains two domain controller virtual machines (VMs). You want to ensure that VMs run on separate hosts without interfering with normal maintenance operations. How should you configure Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS)? (Choose the best answer.) Comment Your Suggested Answer!

A. Create a ‘Must run Virtual Machines to Hosts’ anti-affinity rule.
B. Create a ‘Virtual Machines to Virtual Machines’ anti-affinity rule.
C. Create a ‘Virtual Machines to Virtual Machines’ dependency rule.
D. Create a ‘Should run Virtual Machines to Hosts’ anti-affinity rule.

👽 Affinity and anti-affinity rules determine whether or not VMs are kept together as they are moved around within your environment.
-- Affinity rules keep VMs together on the same host
-- Anti-affinity rules ensure that VMs are distributed across different hosts

Friday, April 2, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] VMware clone vs VMware template: what is the difference.

VMware clone vs VMware template: what is the difference? Cloning a virtual machine creates a virtual machine that is a copy of the original. The new virtual machine is configured with the same virtual hardware, installed software, and other properties that were configured for the original virtual machine. If you clone an encrypted virtual machine, you cannot change the storage policy.

A vSphere template is also a copy of a VM with ordered folders, applications, and a specific configuration, along with permissions to access it. It is a protected version of the VM model that, for example, can be used to create a new VM. Thus, it cannot be run as a standalone VM.

ITSA provides training for those who are new to virtualization.

With us, you get the perfect blend of both concepts and real-world experience. ITSA provides training for those who are new to virtualization, interested in improving their chances to Get Hired - Be Promoted, earn certifications and who may either be in school currently, searching for a new job or simply trying to gain more knowledge. ▶ ITSA Tutorials



Thursday, April 1, 2021

[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] NSX for vSphere and NSX-T is the vCenter integration--NSX-T .

VMware's NSX hypervisor is the platform to manage virtualized network deployments. NSX is best known for the ability to provide zero-trust security between virtual machines, many tech analysts believe the time of the software-defined network (SDN) has arrived. In the Software-Defined Data Center (SDDC), all aspects of operations depend on NSX.

The primary difference between NSX for vSphere and NSX-T is the vCenter integration--NSX-T doesn't have the tight vCenter integration of NSX for vSphere. VMware has has two tracks for the VMware NSX platform: NSX for vSphere and NSX-T. 


Wednesday, March 31, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] vCenter Server e-mail notifications are NOT being sent.

"Refer to the ITSA image" You enable email notifications as shown in the red attached alarm. However, notifications are NOT being sent. Where must the mail server settings be configured to resolve this issue? (Choose two.) - Comment Your Suggested Answer!

A. In vCenter Server General settings in the vSphere Client.
B. In the alarm rule definitions
C. In the ESXi host system config for the cluster node hosting the vCenter Server Appliance
D. In Administration settings in the vCenter Server Management Interface



Tuesday, March 30, 2021

[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] How to Accelerate Video Conferencing Tools with NVIDIA vGPU


From offering expert advice to solving complex problems, we've got you covered. We will easily deploy VMware HORIZON VDI an Internal/External browser-based desktops for remote access to your business. Simple and cost-effective pricing with no hidden costs. ITSA can help you architect the workplace of your future Private/Public cloud. www.ITSA.Cloud

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] VM two migration methods in vSphere.

"Refer to the ITSA image" Which two migration methods in vSphere can you use to move a virtual machine (VM) from the VC-1-DC1-CLU1 cluster to the VC-2-DC1-CLU1 & VC-3-DC1-CLU1 clusters and vice versa? Assuming you already have the Cross vCenter Server vMotion capability enabled for the 30 hosts in the ITSA.Cloud infrastructure (Choose two.) Comment Your Suggested Answer!

A. Cold migration of compute resource only
B. Cold migration of storage only
C. Hot migration of compute resource and storage resource
D. Hot migration of compute resource only
E. Cold migration of compute resource and storage resource

Monday, March 29, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] "SnapShot" the state of the virtual machine (VM).

Which two statements are true regarding the state of the virtual machine (VM) if you click the "Delete All" option? (Choose two.)

Comment Your Suggested Answer!
A. The VM state will match av-p1.
B. No snapshots will remain on the VM.
C. SS-3-27-21 will be intact on the VM.
D. The VM state will match www.ITSA.Cloud.
E. The VM state will match SS-3-27-21.




Sunday, March 28, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Implementing stateless desktops using VMware products.

A small government organization wants to implement stateless desktops using VMware products. The IT team is unable to add or alter any GPO in the organization's Active Directory. It wants to minimize the storage space required for the user VMs and preserve user's profiles and other personalization settings. Which accomplishes these goals?

Comment Your Suggested Answer!
A. Horizon Instant Clone desktop pools with VMware User Environment Manager
B. Horizon RDS desktop pools with App Volumes Writable Volumes
C. Horizon Full VM desktop pools with App Volumes Writable Volumes
D. Horizon Linked Clones desktop pools with persistent disks

Friday, March 26, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] VMware Horizon 8 in two different physical locations.

A customer wants to deploy VMware Horizon 8 to support virtual desktops hosted in two different physical locations and wants users to connect to the location nearest them to start a session. Which three steps must be completed to enable this functionality?

Comment Your Suggested Answer!
A. Initialize Microsoft DFS.
B. Configure Global Entitlements.
C. Configure two View Pods.
D. Configure one View Pod spanning two sites.
E. Configure two event logging databases.
F. Initialize the Cloud-Pod Federation.
(Choose three.)


👽 This diagram below is of traditional HORIZON VDI environments, in this example each pod is independent entity and must be managed separately. In this example each pod has its own locally managed entitlements.



Thursday, March 25, 2021

[ CHALLENGE QUESTION ] Formula to design a 40% utilization strategy for 80 VMs.

HEY GUYS!!! When meeting with a customer, these VM template requirements for instant-clone are determined: -> 2 vCPU -> 4 GB Memory -> 20 GB OS disk. Which is the formula to design a 40% utilization strategy for 80 virtual desktops, given the above requirements?

Comment Your Suggested Answer!
A. 80 * ((0.4 * 20) + 4) +20
B. 80 * (0.4 * 20) + 20
C. 80 * ((0.4 * 20) + 4) + (2*20)
D. 80 * (0.4 * 20) + (2*20)


Tuesday, March 23, 2021

[ TIP OF THE DAY ] Architecture Design for Small-Medium Sized Companies Data Center.

This is a high level architecture design for a new or redesigned Small-Medium Sized Companies Data Center, that details a cluster of 4 ESXi hosts, connected to a vCenter Server that has 150+ VM’s balanced across the hosts.There are 2 network switches vSS-1 & vDS-2 and ESXi servers are connected to for VM & management traffic via VLAN’s. The hosts are connected to four 500 GB shared storage LUN’s that are presented via fiber channel. Do you also need HORIZON VDI? No problem!

Meet ITSA VMware Engineer Consultants. A Highly Engaged Team. Every Short-Term Task, Recurring Project or Full-Time VMware Contract Work, will receive plenty of support from us to ensure that your needs are understood and that your expectations are exceeded. Technical Assistance 24x7.


[ INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ] VCSA Platform Service Controller (PSC).

Impressive Answer! What is VMware PSC? vCenter PSC is the Platform Service Controller. This is an extended SSO model which was there in previous versions of vSphere. It takes care of authentication, licensing, certificates etc.. It is important to make a good impression on whoever is interviewing you. You can explain...

VMware simplified the VCSA topology by supporting vCenter Server with an embedded platform services controller running in enhanced linked mode (ELM). ELM allows you to link multiple vCenter Servers together as a ‘single pane of glass’. This allows architectural design without the complexity of external PSCs or load balancers. NO more external PSCs.

[ INTERVIEW QUESTIONS ] Changing the Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) mode.

Impressive Answer! How can you change the Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) mode of an existing cluster in a vCenter Server Appliance (VCSA)? First, If all the hosts in a cluster are compatible with the new mode, I can change the EVC mode of the current EVC cluster. I do not need to turn off any running virtual machines in the cluster. It is important to make a good impression on whoever is interviewing you. You can explain...

VMs that are running do not have access to the new features in the new EVC mode until they are powered off and powered back on. A full shutdown of all running VMs is required. Rebooting the guest operating system or suspending and resuming the virtual machine is not enough.


[ MULTI-CLOUD EXPERTISE ] Cisco UCS Blade running VMware HORIZON for VDI.

Cisco UCS B-Series Blade Servers running VMware HORIZON for VDI. Based on the Intel Xeon processor offers up to 3 TB of memory to handle 5000 desktops up and running in 20 minutes. This enterprise-class server offers market-leading performance for Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI).

This is the first VMware Horizon desktop virtualization Cisco Validated Design with Cisco UCS 5th generation servers. The Cisco UCS B200 M5 Scalable processors with up to 28 cores per socket and 40 Gigabit Ethernet. Two optional hot-pluggable, hard-disk drives (HDDs), solid-state drives (SSDs) or NVMe 2.5-inch drives. Including!

· Cisco UCS B200 M5 blade servers
· VMware vSphere ESXi Hypervisor
· VMware Horizon Server RDS Hosted server sessions
· VMware Horizon non-persistent Instant Clone Windows 10 virtual machines
· VMware Horizon persistent Full Clones Windows 10 virtual machines


What option on VMware vSphere will help you avoid morning boot storm VMs, storage related issues?

(Choose one) Comment Your Suggested Answer! A. Configure vCenter HR ad DRS B. Cluster/ESXi Storage DRS C. Enable Storage I/O Control D. VMFS...